Martin l



f dltitcd tant @anni i' @twine MARTIN L. vvvMAN,` or MELROSE, AssrcivonTo cris frurrs, or Bos'roN,`

lilASSAOI-IUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 100,832, dated March 15, 1870.

IMPROVE!) ELEVATOR The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent andmaking part of the same.

To all whom it may concern: i

Be it known that l, MARTIN L. Wyman, of Melrose, in the county ofMiddlesex, and State of' Massachusetts, have invented an 'Improvementin` Elevators; and I do hereby declare thatthe following,

4 form-is raised and lowered with passengers or freight bythe employmentof a special engine operating through suitable instrumentalities littleregard has heretofore been paid to `economy in the expenditure of steamemployed to give motion to the car. The

`engine-,cylinder or cylinders have to be made large enough' to startand lift `from a state ot' rest the greatest load for which the elevatoris designed, and with cold cylinders', `which will, of course,-co`ndensea.

considerable percentage of the steam at the start, and

in the first few strokesof'the pistons the -steam should be allowed tofollow throughout -t-he length of the strokes, or a largeportionthereoi'.` But when the cylinders are heated, so that very muchless steam is required by reason of lessened condensation, jthen it issimply a waste of steam to allow it to follow the pistous their entirestroke, and it should be out oii at i some' suitable point in theVstroke, and` it is desirable that such cutting off of the steam shouldbe accomplished automatically after thecar has moved a short distancefrom each start. Heretofore the steam has been allowed to follow thefull or a large portion vof' the stroke of" the pistons of engines whosesole duty was to move the car or platform of an elevator, not only-atthe `starting of the car, .but during all `the timeA that the pistons,and, consequently, the carjor platform, were in motion, as theattendantzor conductoris necessarily stationed on the platform,`or inthe car, the motion of `which renders it impossible for him to set theengine-valves with more accuracy than to fully open or to fully closethem by operating on the pull within his reaclnand past whichl the carmoves.

Now, my invention -consrsts in combining with an elevatonthe car orplatform of which is moved `by a special engine, instrumentalities whichautomaticallyY i operate upon the engine-valve or valves, to cause it orthem to out oli" steam at some suitable portion `of the stroke of thepiston or pistons, after the elevator- `car or platform has been put inmotion, by receiving steam throughout or nearly throughout the stroke ofthe piston or pistons, my invention operating to giveY the engine alarge amount "of steam whenstarting the elevator, and to cnt .o orautomatically lessen the supply of steam to the engine after each start.

In the drawings, by which I illustrate an embodiment of my invention, Imerely show the simplest but not the best way of connecting theelevator-car to the drum, worked by the engine towind or unwind thesuspensory of the car, as improvement in that direction forms no part ofmy present invention; and of the engine, l show only ,enough toillustrate the invention under consideration, leaving out parts theconnecv tion, construction, and method of operation of which are knownto all competent engineers.

Figure 1 shows, in vertical sectional elevation, an apparatus embodyingmy invention;

Figures 2 and 3 being partial similar views, showing the apparatus forworking the engine-valves in dilerent positions. As elevator-carshave'to start andy stop almost instantly, it is not desirable, inspecial engines for working them, to provide theengines with heavy orlarge fly-wheels; but to enable them to start without regard to wherethe engine is stopped, it is necessary, as inl locomotives, to make useot' two cylinders connected to a common crank-shaft by cranks set ninetydegrees,

or thereabouts', of angular distance from each other, and it is alsonecessary1 to so construct the valvesas to lap, that at no position ofthe engine-cranks will the entrance-ports of both cylinders be covered,for, if so made, it will be obvious to steam-engineers that the enginemight be stopped where the entrance-ports of both cylinders wouldbecovered, and the links at their extreme throw or position, so that,instead of being able to ystart the engine in the directionrequired, itwould first have to be reversed, and afterward set in motionin thedesired direction.

In iig. 1, one of these cylinders is represented by a, its steamandvalve-chest by b, the valve-rod by c, which is worked 'by the Stephensonlink d, operated by two eccentrics on the main shalt e, by rods ff.

By means/of the links, one of which and the connections mentioned areapplied to each cylinder of the connected double engine, the direction4of rotation of the main shaft may be reversed, and the point of cutoiivaried, in accordance with the'position of thelink,

the valves worked thereby beingv made with suitable lap and lead, andmost generally of the sholtD variety; all of which is too familiarlyknown to steamengineers to need particular description here.

' When thelink is brought to the position shown in full lines in fig. 2,the valve is brought to position, and is opened, to admit steam to runthe engine,I so as to turn the shaft in one direction, and, when thelink is tric-rods ff, then the valve shuts oii steam from the.

cylinder, and the engine stops.

When the link is in either of the lirst two positions just before named,steam follows the piston through or nearly through its entire stroke;and, when in position between either of said two positions and the pointmidway between them, the steam is cut oli' more or less, according asthe position approximates the center point, where it is entirely cutoli'.

To move the link from one extreme position to the other, to reverse theengine, sheaves g g are arranged so that one part of an endless band, h,preferably a wire, cord, or rope, will always be within the reach of theconductor. g

The lower sheare is connected to the Stephenson link d by the rod i, sothat it will be obvious how the conductor can, by a pull in one or theother direction upon rope h, shitt the link d to either of its extremepositions, and how, by merely grasping the rope h., so as' to cause itto move at the same speed with the car or platform the link will beshifted to the midway point between its extreme positions,wherefthesteam being shut oli, both the engine and car will stop.

.Now, to cause the link to move automatically from either extremeposition to a point between such position and the central one, I placeon the opposite parts of the cord h weightsl l and tappets m m, theweights and tappeti-s being preferably made tubular, so as to embracethe cord, and the tappets being provided with set-screws and gibs orother appliances, whereby they can be adjusted and iixed on the cord. Y

Shelvesl or other suitable supports, o, are arranged so as to supportthe weights l, the parts of the cords passing through'holes or slots inthe supports.

It will be seen, that when the conductor pulls the cord, so as to swinglink d to either extreme position, lle will bring one or the othertappet m into contact with one or the other of weights l, and will raisesaid weight olf from its support. The weight will then descend till itrests upon its support, and, byturning the sheavc g, which is connectedto link d, will cause said link to assume the position where it willgive the amount of'cut-ol required. l The distances at which the tappctsmare adjusted as to supply more steam to the cylinders when raising thecar than when lowering it.

Under some circumstances, in loweringl a car, it will be sucieut tosupply the cylinders with little more than enough steam to lubricatethem.

The link d shown in the drawings is hung like a pendulum, and,consequently, requires but little exertion of pow'er on the partof theconductor to move it.

When it is necessary to arrange the link dil'erently, its weight may becouuterbalanced, so that it may be moved about as easily as apendulum-link. 4

It will be observed, that while the weights are falling, the distanceswhich the steam follows the piston constantly lessen, by reason of thechanging position of the link, until the weights rest on their supports,4when the cut-ol points become constant.

The links of both cylinders are to be connected as in locomotives andother engines employing two cylinders, so that both links will beoperated by the same means.

In tig. 1, the link is shown as set to give steam in hoisting, and infig. 3 in lowering.

In fig. 2, the full lilies show the.link set'to start to elevate, and indotted lines to start to lower.

I claim the combination with an elevator worked by an engine so that thecar or platform is started, moved, stopped, or reversed by starting,moving, stopping, or reversing the engine, of instrumentalities' whichare manipulated from said car 01 platform to start, move, stop, orreverse both the car or platform and the engine, when saidinstrulnentalities automatically operate to change the distance ordistances which the steam follows the engine-piston or pistons.

MARTIN L.- WYMAN. vWitnesses:

FRANCIS GoULD, S. B. KIDDER.

